C#实现SQL数据库备份与恢复

有两种方法，都是保存为.bak文件。一种是直接用Sql语句执行，另一种是通过引用SQL Server的SQLDMO组件来实现:

 1.通过执行Sql语句来实现

注意，用Sql语句实现备份与还原操作时，最好不要使用需要备份或还原的数据库连接，而使用master，否则可能会出现如下三个问题：(1)超时时间已到。在操作完成之前超时时间已过或服务器未响应。(2)  在向服务器发送请求时发生传输级错误。(provider:共享内存提供程序,error:0-系统无法打开文件。)  (3)从服务器接收结果时发生传输级错误。(provider:共享内存提供程序，error:0   -   系统无法打开文件。) ，如果一定要用这个连接的话，要注意在执行Sql语句前加个Sql语句：use master，这样可能会解决以上问题。

     (1)数据备份语句：backup database  数据库名 to disk='保存路径dbName.bak'

     (2)数据恢复语句：restore database 数据库名 from disk='保存路径dbName.bak'   WITH MOVE 'dbName_Data' TO 'c:tcomcrm20041217.mdf', --数据文件还原后存放的新位置
MOVE 'dbName_Log' TO 'c:comcrm20041217.ldf' ----日志文件还原后存放的新位置

关于这两个语句还有更详细的介绍：http://blog.csdn.net/holyrong/archive/2007/08/29/1764105.aspx
            //数据库备份与恢复实例

            private void btnBak_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) //备份
        {

            string saveAway = this.tbxBakLoad.Text.ToString().Trim();

            string cmdText = @"backup database " + System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["dbName"] + " to disk='" + saveAway + "'";

            BakReductSql(cmdText,true);            

        }

        private void btnReduct_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  //恢复

        {

            string openAway = this.tbxReductLoad.Text.ToString().Trim();//读取文件的路径

            string cmdText = @"restore database " + System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["dbName"] + " from disk='" + openAway + "'";           

            BakReductSql(cmdText,false);

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 对数据库的备份和恢复操作，Sql语句实现

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="cmdText">实现备份或恢复的Sql语句</param>

        /// <param name="isBak">该操作是否为备份操作，是为true否，为false</param>

        private void BakReductSql(string cmdText,bool isBak)

        {

            SqlCommand cmdBakRst = new SqlCommand();

            SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=master;uid=sa;pwd=;");

            try

            {

                conn.Open();

                cmdBakRst.Connection = conn;

                cmdBakRst.CommandType = CommandType.Text;

                if (!isBak)     //如果是恢复操作
                {

                    string setOffline = "Alter database GroupMessage Set Offline With rollback immediate ";
                    string setOnline = " Alter database GroupMessage Set Online With Rollback immediate";
                    cmdBakRst.CommandText = setOffline + cmdText + setOnline;
                }

                else

                {

                    cmdBakRst.CommandText = cmdText;

                }

                cmdBakRst.ExecuteNonQuery();

                if (!isBak)

                {

                    MessageBox.Show("恭喜你，数据成功恢复为所选文档的状态！", "系统消息");

                }

                else

                {

                    MessageBox.Show("恭喜，你已经成功备份当前数据！", "系统消息");

                }

            }

            catch (SqlException sexc)

            {

                MessageBox.Show("失败，可能是对数据库操作失败，原因：" + sexc, "数据库错误消息");

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            {

                MessageBox.Show("对不起，操作失败，可能原因：" + ex, "系统消息");

            }

            finally

            {

                cmdBakRst.Dispose();

                conn.Close();

                conn.Dispose();

            }

        }

另外，如果出现：“尚未备份数据库的日志尾部”错误，可以在还原语句后加上 With Replace 或 With stopat

2.用SQLDMO实现（下面代码引用别人的）

    //数据库备份

        string backaway =textbox1.Text.Trim();

            SQLDMO.Backup oBackup = new SQLDMO.BackupClass();

            SQLDMO.SQLServer oSQLServer = new SQLDMO.SQLServerClass();

            try

            {

                oSQLServer.LoginSecure = false;

                //下面设置登录sql服务器的ip,登录名,登录密码

                oSQLServer.Connect(serverip, serverid, serverpwd);

                oBackup.Action = 0;

               //下面两句是显示进度条的状态

                SQLDMO.BackupSink_PercentCompleteEventHandler pceh = new SQLDMO.BackupSink_PercentCompleteEventHandler(Step2);

                oBackup.PercentComplete += pceh;

                //数据库名称:

                oBackup.Database = "k2";

                //备份的路径

                oBackup.Files = @backaway;

                //备份的文件名

                oBackup.BackupSetName = "k2";

                oBackup.BackupSetDescription = "数据库备份";

                oBackup.Initialize = true;

                oBackup.SQLBackup(oSQLServer);

                MessageBox.Show("备份成功！", "提示");

            }

            catch

            {

                MessageBox.Show("备份失败！", "提示");

            }

            finally

            {

                oSQLServer.DisConnect();

            }

//数据库恢复

        //获取恢复的路径

        string dbaway = textbox2.Text.Trim();

            SQLDMO.Restore restore = new SQLDMO.RestoreClass();

            SQLDMO.SQLServer server = new SQLDMO.SQLServerClass();

            server.Connect(serverip, serverid, serverpwd);

            //KILL DataBase Process

            conn = new 工资管理系统.CCUtility.connstring();

            conn.DBOpen();

            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("use master Select spid FROM sysprocesses ,sysdatabases Where sysprocesses.dbid=sysdatabases.dbid AND sysdatabases.Name='k2'", conn.Connection);

            SqlDataReader dr = cmd.ExecuteReader();

            while (dr.Read())

            {

                server.KillProcess(Convert.ToInt32(dr[0].ToString()));

            }

            dr.Close();

            conn.DBClose();

            try

            {

                restore.Action = 0;

                SQLDMO.RestoreSink_PercentCompleteEventHandler pceh = new SQLDMO.RestoreSink_PercentCompleteEventHandler(Step);

                restore.PercentComplete += pceh;

                restore.Database = "k2";

                restore.Files = @dbaway;

                restore.ReplaceDatabase = true;

                restore.SQLRestore(server);

                MessageBox.Show("数据库恢复成功！");

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            {

                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);

            }

            finally

            {

                server.DisConnect();

            }

恢复相关的参数和备份相同,不再解释,自己看一下.

上面两个函数调用到了更改进度条的两个函数:

       private void Step2(string message, int percent)

        {

            progressBar2.Value = percent;

        }

        private void Step(string message, int percent)

        {

            progressBar1.Value = percent;

        }

setp对应备份,,setp2对应恢复....