Installation Guide 10g Release 2 (10.2) for Linux x86

Logging In to the System as root

1)         xhost fully_qualified_remote_host_name

设置图形界面是否启动连接限制：xhost + IP

以我的电脑为例 xhost + 10.11.98.156，表示允许10.11.98.156的客户端可以通过图形工具连接到服务器上。

Xhost – 表示启动连接限制。

Checking the Hardware Requirements

1)         至少1024M物理内存 grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo

2)         Swap space space要求如下 grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo

RAM	SWAP SPACE
1024M~2048M	1.5 times the size of RAM
2048M~8192M	Equal the size of RAM
8192M~more	0.75 times the size of RAM

3)         /tmp 大于400M df –k /tmp

4)         1.5G~3.5的空间安装oracle数据库软件

5)         1.2G的空间用来存放数据库preconfig的文件

6)         确认系统架构是否符合oracle软件

grep “model name” /proc/cpuinfo

Checking the Software Requirements

1)         操作系统版本：

■ Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS/ES 3.0 (Update 4 or later)

■ Red Hat Linux 4.0

■ SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9.0 with SP 2 or later

■ Asianux 1.0

■ Asianux 2.0

2)         Kernel version：

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.0 and Asianux 1.0:2.4.21-27.EL

Note: This is the default kernel version.

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0 and Asianux 2.0:2.6.9-5.EL

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9.0:2.6.5-7.201

3)         Packages:

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.0 and Asianux 1.0:

make-3.79.1

gcc-3.2.3-34

glibc-2.3.2-95.20

compat-db-4.0.14-5

compat-gcc-7.3-2.96.128

compat-gcc-c++-7.3-2.96.128

compat-libstdc++-7.3-2.96.128

compat-libstdc++-devel-7.3-2.96.128

openmotif21-2.1.30-8

setarch-1.3-1

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0 and Asianux 2.0:

binutils-2.15.92.0.2-13.EL4

compat-db-4.1.25-9

compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-132.7.2

control-center-2.8.0-12

gcc-3.4.3-22.1.EL4

gcc-c++-3.4.3-22.1.EL44

glibc-2.3.4-2.9

glibc-common-2.3.4-2.9

gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1

libstdc++-3.4.3-22.1

libstdc++-devel-3.4.3-22.1

make-3.80-5

pdksh-5.2.14-30

sysstat-5.0.5-1

xscreensaver-4.18-5.rhel4.2

setarch-1.6-1

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9:

binutils-2.15.90.0.1.1-32.5

gcc-3.3.3-43.24

gcc-c++-3.3.3-43.24

glibc-2.3.3-98.28

gnome-libs-1.4.1.7-671.1

libstdc++-3.3.3-43.24

libstdc++-devel-3.3.3-43.24

make-3.80-184.1

pdksh-5.2.14-780.1

sysstat-5.0.1-35.1

xscreensaver-4.16-2.6

4)        验证内核是否符合要求

uname –r

5)        验证是否存在软件包

rpm –qa|grep packagename

Checking the Network Setup

主要是查看hostname,domainname,是否使用DHCP和DNS

查看/etc/hosts文件如下

192.168.100.16 myhost.us.mycompany.com myhost

127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain

Creating Required Operating System Groups and Users

1)         /user/sbin/groupadd oinstall

2)         /user/sbin/groupadd dba

3)         /user/sbin/groupadd oper

4)         /user/sbin/useradd –g oinstall –G dba oracle

5)         id nobody

/user/sbin/useradd nobody

Configuring Kernel Parameters

查看内核参数是否符合下面的信息（大于或者等于）

Prameter	Value	File
semmsl semmns semopm semmni	250 32000 100 128	/proc/sys/kernel/sem
shmall	2097152	/proc/sys/kernel/shmall
shmmax	Half the size of physical memory (in bytes)	/proc/sys/kernel/shmmax
shmmni	4096	/proc/sys/kernel/shmmni
file-max	65536	/proc/sys/fs/file-max
ip_local_port_range	Minimum:1024 Maximum: 65000	/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_local_port_range
rmem_default	1048576	/proc/sys/net/core/rmem_default
rmem_max	1048576	/proc/sys/net/core/rmem_max
wmem_default	262144	/proc/sys/net/core/wmem_default
wmem_max	262144	/proc/sys/net/core/wmem_max

1)         通过使用/sbin/sysctl –a |grep Prameter来确认系统当中的内核参数

2)         编辑/etc/sysctl.conf文件，在后面添加

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

fs.file-max = 65536

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

net.core.rmem_default = 1048576

net.core.rmem_max = 1048576

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 262144

通过/sbin/sysctl –p启用参数

3)         编辑/etc/security/limits.conf文件，在后面添加

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

4)         编辑/etc/pam.d/login文件，在后面添加：

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

session required pam_limits.so

5)         编辑oracle用户的默认shell，编辑/etc/profile文件，添加：

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

fi

Identifying Required Software Directories

1)         遵循OFA(optimal flexible architecture)的原则

设置ORACLE_BASE为/mount_point/app/oracle_sw_owner

mount_point is the mount point directory for the file system that will contain the

Oracle software.

The examples in this guide use /u01 for the mount point directory. However, you

could choose another mount point directory, such as /oracle or /opt/oracle.

oracle_sw_owner is the operating system user name of the Oracle software

owner, for example oracle.

2)         设置ORACLE_HOME目录为oracle_base/product/10.2.0/db_1

3)         如果只包含oracle_base目录则要空间至少为3G，如果oracle_base目录当中还包括数据文件，则至少为4G空间。

# mkdir -p /mount_point/app/oracle_sw_owner

# chown -R oracle:oinstall /mount_point/app/oracle_sw_owner

# chmod -R 775 /mount_point/app/oracle_sw_owner

实例：mkdir –p /u01/app/oracle

         chown –R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle oracle

         chmod –R 775 /u01/app/oracle

Identifying or Creating an Oracle Base Directory Choosing a Storage Option for Oracle Database and Recovery Files

空间至少为2G

Creating Directories for Oracle Database or Recovery Files Preparing Disk Groups for an Automatic Storage Management Installation

1)         安装ASM library driver software

Ø  查看系统的内核参数 uname –rm

Ø  访问http://www.oracle.com/technology/tech/linux/asmlib/index.html

Ø  下载相应的ASM补丁

oracleasm-support-version.arch.rpm

oracleasm-kernel-version.arch.rpm

oracleasmlib-version.arch.rpm

rpm –ivh XXX安装好系统补丁

2)         /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure添加相应用户名信息和是否驱动开机启动

3)         设置ASM磁盘

Ø  /sbin/fdisk –l

Ø  /sbin/fdisk diskpath设置磁盘分区

Ø  # /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK1 /dev/sdb1添加ASM磁盘

Configuring Raw Partitions or Raw Logical Volumes

1)         确认磁盘是否已经绑定为裸设备

/usr/bin/raw –qa

2)         编辑/etc/sysconfig/rawdevices文件进行裸设备绑定

实例：/dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sdb1

3)         设置裸设备的所有者和权限

# chown oracle:dba /dev/raw/rawn

# chmod 660 /dev/raw/rawn

4)         启动rawdevices服务进行裸设备的绑定工作：

# /sbin/service rawdevices restart

Stopping Existing Oracle Processes Configuring the oracle User’s Environment

编辑~/.bash_profile文件，设置用户的环境变量，主要包括TMP,TMPDIR,ORACLE_BASE,ORACLE_HOME，NLS_LANG,UMASK

实例（仅供参考，好多参数不完整）：

export PATH

unset USERNAME

export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle;

export ORACLE_TERM=xterm;

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

export CRS_HOME=/oracle/product/crs

export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/database

export ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls_admin/data

export PATH=$CRS_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export ORACLE_SID=linux02