学习db2的你,会点Oracle也是好事。
Oracle的建立数据库,可以有2个方法,dbca和基于命令行的手工建库,dbca so easy,不解释。着重说说手工建库。
手工建库大概几个步骤如下
1 创建必要的相关目录
2 创建初始化参数文件
3 设置环境变量Oracle_sid
4 创建口令文件
5 启动数据库到nomount(实例)状态
6 create database 建库
7 执行catalog脚步本创建数据字典
8 执行catproc创建package包
9 执行pupbld
10 创建spfile文件
我们试验环境的是RedHat RHEL4U4 ,环境变量如下
export editor=vi
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle/
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/db
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/u01/app/oracle/product/db/lib
unset USERNAME
我们想创建一个数据库名为GGDB 的数据库。下面开始进行
1.创建目录
cd $ORACLE_BASE
cd oradata
mkdir {a,b,c,u}dump
2.创建参数,创建参数这里。不要用哪个init.ora去修改,记住,纯爷们都是全手写
cd $ORACLE_HOME
cd dbs
vi initGGDB.ora
写入下列内容
compatible=10.2.0.1.0
db_name=ggdb
instance_name=GGDB
sga_max_size=300m
sga_target=300m
undo_management=auto
undo_tablespace=undotbs
job_queue_processes=10
audit_file_dest=/u01/app/oracle/admin/GGDB/adump
user_dump_dest=/u01/app/oracle/admin/GGDB/udump
core_dump_dest=/u01/app/oracle/admin/GGDB/cdump
background_dump_dest=/u01/app/oracle/admin/GGDB/bdump
control_files=/u01/app/oracle/admin/GGDB/control01.ctl,/u01/app/oracle/admin/GGDB/control02.ctl
3.创建口令文件
orapwd file=orapwGGDB password=oracle
4.指定Oracle sid
export ORACLE_SID=GGDB
5.启动到noumount
$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Jul 27 15:03:05 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2006, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 314572800 bytes
Fixed Size 1261564 bytes
Variable Size 100663300 bytes
Database Buffers 209715200 bytes
Redo Buffers 2932736 bytes
这时可以查看一下实例名字
SQL> select instance_name from v$instance;
INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
GGDB
6 输入建库命令,命令如下,可根据实际情况进行微调
create database ggdb
maxinstances 2
maxdatafiles 200
maxlogfiles 32
maxlogmembers 5
maxloghistory 300
user sys identified by oracle
user system identified by oracle
character set utf8
national character set al16utf16
datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/GGDB/system01.dbf' size 300m autoextend on
extent management local
sysaux datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/GGDB/sysaux01.dbf' size 200m
autoextend on
undo tablespace undotbs datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/GGDB/undotbs01.dbf'
size 100m autoextend on
default temporary tablespace temp tempfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/GGDB/te mp01.dbf' size 100m autoextend on
logfile
group 1 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/GGDB/disk1/redo01.log' size 100m,
group 2 '//u01/app/oracle/oradata/GGDB/disk2/redo02.log' size 100m;
7.执行脚本
@ ?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
@ ?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
@ ?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql
8.创建spfile
create spfile from pfile
ok .数据库手工创建完毕
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2010-12-29 23:29
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